• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A linear generator for a vehicle having a combustion chamber (3) between two mutually opposed pistons (2a, 2b) in a cylinder (1). The pistons (2a, 2b) carry on their periphery permanent magnets (8) and move within a coil assembly with winding bodies (9a, 9b) back and forth. The combustion chamber (3) is equipped with an injection nozzle (7), a spark plug (6) an electrically controlled inlet valve (4) and an electrically controlled outlet valve (5). The exhaust and intake stroke can, for the purpose of temperature control, be separated by time intervals. The coils of this coil arrangement are individually controlled by means of a control device (14) with the aid of position sensors (10a, 10b), or instead of these with a further computing unit which determines the piston position from the coil arrangement. The pole pitch of the coil assembly and the piston poles are designed differently for noise reduction. To relieve the converter (11), air springs (15a, 15b) are provided in the region of the outer points of reversal of the pistons, which return the kinetic energy of the pistons (2a, 2b) to the inside during the movement.
    公开号:AT512624A2
    申请号:T286/2012
    申请日:2012-03-06
    公开日:2013-09-15
    发明作者:Andrej Dipl Ing Golubkov
    申请人:Kompetenzzentrum Das Virtuelle Fahrzeug Forschungsgmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Free-piston linear generator with strong electric-mechanical
    coupling
    Background of the invention
    As electromobility needs increase, new technologies for mobile power generation are needed. Besides a low-emission operation of the generator, it is above all important to have efficiency (i.e. high efficiency) and comfort (i.e., lowest possible noise and vibration). The generator can be designed for the average power and not the maximum power of a driving cycle. Load peaks in acceleration phases are carried by the battery system. The requirements for such a mobile generator - often called range extender - therefore differ fundamentally from those of a conventional internal combustion engine in the automotive sector.
    The present invention describes a free-piston engine with a cylinder and two counter-rotating pistons, which can be used as a low-vibration generator. The combustion chamber is located in the middle between the two pistons. By the opposite movement of the piston vibration-free operation is ensured. -The motor is implemented as a linear generator ^ -tn-both-piston-annular permanent magnets are integrated. The pistons interact electromagnetically with coils built into the cylinder. From an electrical point of view, the motor works like two permanent magnet synchronous machines (PSM) in a linear arrangement. One piston corresponds to the rotor of a PSM and the cylinder to the stator of a PSM. The linear generator operates in four-quadrant operation and is controlled by a converter.
    The purpose of the invention: cheaper, more efficient and low-vibration generator with as few moving parts as a range extender in an electric vehicle.
    State of the art
    In the US application (WO2001045977 - A DEVICE INCLUDING A COMBUSTION ENGINE, USE OF THE DEVICE, AND A VEHICLE) a free-piston engine is designed as a linear generator. It has two combustion chambers at the ends of the cylinder. Thus, the works
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    Motor with strong first-order moments and low-vibration operation is not possible.
    It is noted that multiple cylinders may be mechanically interconnected as modules. With good synchronization, the moments could be compensated.
    In WO2001045977 described engine also operates in four quadrant operation. Thus, any dynamic positioning of the piston is possible. The engine can thus be operated with variable compression. A position sensor supplies the input signal for the digital control. By inverter is provided at the output of the control and is located between battery and generator. As operating modes Otto engine, diesel engine, Stiriing engine, two clock and four clock are called. The HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) mode is mentioned.
    In contrast to W02001045977, an arrangement is described in the present invention with a cylinder and two pistons with the combustion chamber between the pistons. The advantages of the present invention are smoothness and greatly reduced moments and minimization of mechanical components. The windings in "stator" or magnets in the piston are in this invention slightly congruent with each other to minimize the noise development.
    In W02004 / 0250982004 also a free-piston engine is disclosed. It explains a so-called "intermittent mode" operation. In "intermittent mode", short pauses between the cycles of the motor are set with low power requirements.
    To compensate for moments of first order, it is proposed to operate two pairs of pistons in phase opposition and to ensure compliance with the opposite phase electrically with two appropriately programmed converters. In W02004 / 0250982004 the free-piston engine is mentioned with a pair of pistons, but it is the classic arrangement with two combustion chambers and a rigid mechanical connection between the two pistons.
    The present invention distinguishes itself from the device in WO02004 / 0250982004 in that the invention is embodied as a two-piston engine with a combustion chamber without mechanical connection between the pistons. In contrast to the "intermittent mode" with intervals between the cycles, there are further degrees of freedom in the present invention : Since there is only one combustion chamber, it is not necessary to synchronize the working cycles of two combustion chambers in time. The individual work cycles can take any length of time or it can be made as long breaks between the bars.
    REPLACED "2
    Detailed description of the invention
    In the present invention, the free-piston engine is designed as a cylinder 1 with two opposing pistons 2a, 2b. The combustion chamber 3 is located in the middle between the two pistons 2a and 2b. The combustion chamber 3 has electrically controlled inlet 4 and outlet valves 5 and optionally a spark plug 6 and optionally an injection nozzle 7. In both pistons 2 a and 2 b permanent magnets 8 are integrated, which interact electromechanically with the winding bodies 9 a and 9 b in the cylinder 1. The magnetic poles in the winding bodies 9a and 9b may be geometrically slightly congruent with the magnetic poles in the pistons 2a and 2b arranged to minimize the noise. The engine has sensors 10a and 10b for accurately positioning the pistons 2a and 2b. The inverter 11 can separately control the winding bodies 9a and 9b and thereby compensate for any asynchronisms between the two pistons 2a and 2b. With the electrical-mechanical coupling (similar to a synchronous machine), the mechanical energy of the pistons 2a and 2b is converted into electrical energy and is the optional system accumulator 12 and the drive train 13 of the vehicle available, Also other mobile applications for power generation - such as for cooling and emergency generators - can be operated with the present invention. As an alternative to the position sensors 10a and 10b, the determination of the positions of the pistons 2a and 2b can also be obtained from the coil response (analogous to prior art methods of synchronous machines).
    Optionally, air springs 15a and 15b can be installed in order to store a part of the expansion energy in the power stroke and to release it again in the exhaust stroke. As a result, the converter 11 can be designed for a lower power.
    Operating example of the present free-piston engine
    intake;
    The inlet valve 4 is opened, the pistons 2a and 2b are electromechanically displaced outwardly to suck in air or gas mixture. The duration of the intake stroke can be varied as desired. Idelaerweise sucked relatively slowly to minimize flow losses at the valves 4. - 3 ~
    nachgereichtJ
    Compression stroke:
    The inlet valve 4 is closed. The pistons 2a and 2b are electromechanically accelerated inward and the mixture is compressed. Optionally, fuel is added via the inlet valve 4. The compression is controlled by the inverter 11 and can be controlled for the desired mode.
    Power stroke:
    The mixture ignites (or is optionally ignited with the Zündkeize 6) and the pistons 2a and 2b are pressed by the hot gases to the outside. The expansion energy is converted by the inverter 11 into electrical energy.
    Exhaust stroke:
    The exhaust valve 5 is opened and the pistons 2a and 2b are electromechanically moved to the center. The exhaust gas is expelled. As the intake stroke also exhaust stroke can be performed slowly to minimize flow losses.
    As special advantages over conventional free-piston engines may be mentioned: ------- · -Minimating-the-moving parts ^ eswircLon-a combustion chamber with an inlet and an outlet valve needed. • The opposing pistons minimize vibration. • The valves can be designed with a small cross-section, since the duration of the intake stroke and the exhaust stroke can be chosen to be relatively long. • The engine is subject to only a few constraints. The valve control as well as the position and speed characteristics of the pistons can be controlled in very wide ranges and adjusted to optimum operation. The prerequisite is a powerful inverter and a good control algorithm. • To minimize losses, the compression and power stroke can be slow, while the intake and exhaust strokes are slow. • Depending on the power requirement, the motor can be paused for any length of time after the exhaust stroke (possibility of temperature control). handed in later - 4-
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    2 · «· ♦ + ·······························································································. Claims 1. Device of a free piston engine in counter-piston construction as a linear generator for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, characterized in that in a combustion chamber 3, two counter-rotating pistons 2a and 2b are equipped with permanent magnets 8, these opposing pistons 2a and 2b within a coil assembly with winding bodies 9a and 9b, which can be individually controlled by a regulator device 14 due to the position of the pistons 2a and 2b detected by position sensors 10a and 10b.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally an injection nozzle 7 and a spark plug 6 is used for a non-self-igniting operation.
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that as an alternative to the position sensors 10a and 10b, a further computing unit 14 is implemented, which calculates the positions of the pistons 2a and 2b from the coil response.
    [4]
    4. A method for operating a free-piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust stroke and the intake stroke are separated by pauses so as to allow a temperature control.
    [5]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally the poles in the pistons 2a and 2b can be made slightly congruent with the poles in the windings 9a and 9b to minimize noise during operation.
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally two air springs 15a and 15b are installed in order to absorb energy during piston movement to the outside and to dispense with piston movement inward, and thereby relieve the inverter 11. SUBSEQUENT
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512624A3|2015-12-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102014214187A1|2014-07-22|2016-01-28|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Method for operating a power generation unit and range extender|
    DE102014010679A1|2014-07-22|2016-01-28|Elektron Systeme Und Komponenten Gmbh & Co. Kg|Partialgenerator|SE523182C2|1999-12-22|2004-03-30|Abb Ab|Device comprising a control unit, an electromagnetic energy converter comprising an internal combustion engine with a mechanically free movable piston, use of the device and vehicles comprising said device|
    US6276313B1|1999-12-30|2001-08-21|Honeywell International Inc.|Microcombustion engine/generator|
    JP2006170071A|2004-12-15|2006-06-29|Denso Corp|Control device and method for free-piston engine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA286/2012A|AT512624A3|2012-03-06|2012-03-06|Free-piston linear generator with strong electrical-mechanical coupling|ATA286/2012A| AT512624A3|2012-03-06|2012-03-06|Free-piston linear generator with strong electrical-mechanical coupling|
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